As people age,the chemical signalling pathways in muscles become less potent,and it gets harder to build muscle and maintain strength.But the health benefits of strength training only increase with age.
There is perhaps no better way to see the absolute pinnacle of human athletic abilities than by watching the Olympics.But at the winter games this year-and at almost all professional sporting events-you rarely see a competitor over 40years old and almost never see a single athlete over 50. This is because with every additional year spent on Earth,bodies age and muscles don't respond to exercise the same as they used to.
Old and young people build muscle in the same way.But as you age,many of the biological processes that turn exercise into muscle become less effective.This makes it harder for older people to build strength but also makes it that much more important for everyone to continue exercising as they age.
 
HOW THE BODY BUILDS MUSCLE.
The exercise i study is the type that makes you stronger.strength training includes exercise like pushups and situps,but also weightlifting and resistance training using bands or workout machines.
When you do strength training,over time,exercises that at first felt difficult become easier as your muscles increase in strength and size-a process called hypertrophy.Bigger muscles simply have larger muscle fibers and cells,and this allows you to lift heavier weights.As you keep working out,you can continue to increase the difficulty or weights of the exercises as your muscles get bigger and stronger.
It is easy to see that working out makes muscles bigger,but what is actually happening to the cells as muscle increase in strength and sieze in response to resistance training?
Any time you move your body,you are doing so by shortening and pulling with your muscles-a process called contraction.This is how muscles spend energy to generate force and produce movement.
Every time you contact a muscle especially when you have to work hard to do the contraction,like when lifting weights-the action causes changes to the levels of various chemicals in your muscles.in addition to the chemical changes,there are also specialized receptors on the surface of muscle,generate force or other wise alter the biochemica machinery within a muscle.
In a healthy young person,when these chemical and mechanical sensory systems detect muscle movement,they turn on a number of specialized chemical pathways within the muscle.These pathways in turn trigger the production of more proteins that get incorporation into the muscle fibers and cause the muscle to increase in size.
These cellular pathways also turn on genes that code for specific proteins in cells that make up the muscles contracting machinery.This activation of gene expression is a longer-term proces,with genes being turned on or off for several after a single session of resistance exercise.
The overall effect of these many these many exercise induced changes,is to cause your muscles to get bigger.
What my colleagues and I have found in our research is that in young muscles,a little bit of exercise produces a strong signal for the many processes that triger muscle growth.In older People's muscle,by comparison,the signal telling muscles to grow is much weaker for a given amount of exercise these changes begin to occur when a person reaches around 50years old and more pronounced at time goes.

50 YEAR OLD MUSCLE JUST CANT GROW BIG LIKE THEY USE TO THE BIOLOGY OF HOW MUSCLES CHANGE WITH AGE

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